Despite being the leading cause of exogenous fungal endophthalmitis following traumatic injury to the eye, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. In the current study, we developed a murine model of (AF) endophthalmitis and investigated the disease pathobiology. Endophthalmitis was induced by intravitreal injection of spores in immunocompetent and immunocompromised (neutropenic) C57BL/6 mice, and disease severity was assessed by eye exam, fungal burden estimation, and histological examination. Our data showed that AF infection caused a time-dependent increase in corneal haze, opacity, and hypopyon beginning at two days post-infection (DPI). The fungal burden in infected eyes of immunocompetent mice peaked at 2 DPI and declined over 9 DPI. AF-infected neuroretina exhibited induction of innate immune response via upregulation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and inflammatory mediators (TNFα, IL-1β, and IL6), and increased polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration. Histological analysis revealed heavy cellular infiltrates in the vitreous cavity as well as disruption of normal retinal architecture and increased retinal cell death. Neutropenic mice exhibited severe disease pathology with the prolonged fungal burden and increased inflammatory mediators. Our study described the first immunocompetent murine model of exogenous AF endophthalmitis and demonstrated an important role of neutrophils in innate defense against fungal endophthalmitis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090297 | DOI Listing |
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America.
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arthritogenic alphavirus that has re-emerged to cause large outbreaks of human infections worldwide. There are currently no approved antivirals for treatment of CHIKV infection. Recently, we reported that the ribonucleoside analog 4'-fluorouridine (4'-FlU) is a highly potent inhibitor of CHIKV replication, and targets the viral nsP4 RNA dependent RNA polymerase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Antimicrob Chemother
January 2025
Bristol Centre for Antimicrobial Research & Evaluation (BCARE), Infection Sciences, Southmead Hospital, Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol, UK.
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Ann Med
December 2025
Department of Neurointervention, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Orthop Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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World J Radiol
December 2024
Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
Background: Invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS) can present as a mild disease to life-threatening infection. A recent surge in cases was seen due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many patients require surgical debridement and hence imaging [contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the paranasal sinuses (PNS)] to document the extent of the disease.
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