Predicting which pathogen will confer the highest global catastrophic biological risk (GCBR) of a pandemic is a difficult task. Many approaches are retrospective and premised on prior pandemics; however, such an approach may fail to appreciate novel threats that do not have exact historical precedent. In this paper, based on a study and project we undertook, a new paradigm for pandemic preparedness is presented. This paradigm seeks to root pandemic risk in actual attributes possessed by specific classes of microbial organisms and leads to specific recommendations to augment preparedness activities.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2019_176 | DOI Listing |
Cardiovasc Res
January 2025
Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.
Aims: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is composed of distinct sub-regions, which exhibit segment-specific differences in microbial colonization and (patho)physiological characteristics. Gut microbes can be collectively considered as an active endocrine organ. Microbes produce metabolites, which can be taken up by the host and can actively communicate with the immune cells in the gut lamina propria with consequences for cardiovascular health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerg Microbes Infect
January 2025
The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright, Woking, United Kingdom.
Clade 2.3.4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vis Exp
December 2024
Institute for Synthetic Microbiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University.
With the increasing demand for sustainable biotechnologies, mixed consortia containing a phototrophic microbe and heterotrophic partner species are being explored as a method for solar-driven bioproduction. One approach involves the use of CO2-fixing cyanobacteria that secrete organic carbon to support the metabolism of a co-cultivated heterotroph, which in turn transforms the carbon into higher-value goods or services. In this protocol, a technical description to assist the experimentalist in the establishment of a co-culture combining a sucrose-secreting cyanobacterial strain with a fungal partner(s), as represented by model yeast species, is provided.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune Netw
December 2024
Department of KONKUK-KIST Biomedical Science & Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are highly conserved motifs originating from microorganisms that act as ligands for pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which are crucial for defense against pathogens. Thus, PAMP-mimicking vaccines may induce potent immune activation and provide broad-spectrum protection against microbes. Dextran encapsulation can regulate the surface characteristics of nanoparticles (NPs) and induces their surface modification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoods
January 2025
Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Bioresource Conservation & Germplasm Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
The effect of SH4, a typical aroma enhancer, on flavor formation of the dry fermented sausage was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that inoculation with SH4 promoted volatile compound formation from carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism and accelerated ester synthesis. The enzymes, genes, and microorganisms involved in the formation pathway of volatile compounds based on microbial metabolism were predicted and constructed into a metabolic pathway network.
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