Tailoring the polymer melt rheology and the chain relaxation dynamics permits easy handling of polymer processing and enables broader range of applications. Novel strategy to control the polymer melt rheology and the chain relaxation dynamics was devised. A simple process for molecular structural change in a polyamide (nylon 6) to easily generate a long-chain branching in a controllable manner without forming a network structure led to unusually large enhancements in the relaxation dynamics. The zero shear viscosity of the polyamide has increased more than 200 folds of linear chains viscosity, whereas the molar mass change was ca. 1.6 times. Storage modulus and the loss modulus at low frequency increased more than 10 and 10 times to those of neat polyamide without forming a network structure. The rheological properties of the polymer (nylon 6) melts can be finely tailored by this simple process to cover a broad range of applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b02355 | DOI Listing |
J Phys Chem Lett
January 2025
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States.
Vanadium oxide (VO) is an exotic phase-change material with diverse applications ranging from thermochromic smart windows to thermal sensors, neuromorphic computing, and tunable metasurfaces. Nonetheless, the mechanism responsible for its metal-insulator phase transition remains a subject of vigorous debate. Here, we investigate the ultrafast dynamics of the photoinduced phase transition in VO under low perturbation conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
January 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
The stomach is responsible for physically and chemically processing the ingested meal before controlled emptying into the duodenum through the pyloric sphincter. An incompetent pylorus allows reflux from the duodenum back into the stomach, and if the amount of reflux is large enough, it could alter the low pH environment of the stomach and erode the mucosal lining of the lumen. In some cases, the regurgitated contents can also reach the esophagus leading to additional complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
January 2025
Science Institute and Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Understanding the ultrafast vibrational relaxation following photoexcitation of molecules in a condensed phase is essential to predict the outcome and improve the efficiency of photoinduced molecular processes. Here, the vibrational decoherence and energy relaxation of a binuclear complex, [Pt2(P2O5H2)4]4- (PtPOP), upon electronic excitation in liquid water and acetonitrile are investigated through direct adiabatic dynamics simulations. A quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) scheme is used where the excited state of the complex is modeled with orbital-optimized density functional calculations while solvent molecules are described using potential energy functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotosynth Res
January 2025
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
The femtosecond dynamics of energy transfer from light-excited spirilloxanthin (Spx) to bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) a in the reaction centers (RCs) of purple photosynthetic bacteria Rhodospirillum rubrum was studied. According to crio-electron microscopy data, Spx is located near accessory BChl a in the B-branch of cofactors. Spx was excited by 25 fs laser pulses at 490 nm, and difference absorption spectra were recorded in the range 500-700 nm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Sci
January 2025
Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, USA, 32310; Center for Interdisciplinary Magnetic Resonance, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA, 32310. Electronic address:
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) represent an important class of biologic therapeutics that can treat a variety of diseases including cancer, autoimmune disorders or respiratory conditions (e.g. COVID-19).
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