In vitro investigations of the metabolism of Victoria pure blue BO dye to identify main metabolites for food control in fish.

Chemosphere

ANSES Fougeres Laboratory, European Union Reference Laboratory for Antibiotic and Dye Residue in Food, CS 40608-Javene, F-35306, Fougeres, France.

Published: January 2020

Although banned, dyes, such as Victoria pure blue BO (VPBO), are illicitly used in aquaculture to treat or prevent infections due to their therapeutic activities. The present study examined the formation of phase I and phase II metabolites derived from VPBO using trout liver microsomes and S9 proteins. The well-known malachite green (MG) dye was also studied as a positive control and to compare its metabolism with that of VPBO. First, we optimised the incubation conditions for the detection of VPBO and MG metabolites by studying the formation of cytochrome P450 (CYP) substrates. Using the determined conditions (2 h at 20 °C), we incubated VPBO with trout microsomal and S9 fractions induced with β-naphtoflavone, and analysed the supernatant in a LC-LTQ-Orbitrap-HRMS system. The in vitro assays led to the detection of 16 VPBO metabolites from Phase I reactions, arising in particular from reactions with CYP1A. No metabolites were detected from Phase II reactions. The main metabolite detected, deethyl-VPBO, was CID-fragmented to determine its chemical structure, and thus recommend a potential biomarker for the control of VPBO in farmed fish foodstuffs.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124538DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

victoria pure
8
pure blue
8
vpbo trout
8
detection vpbo
8
vpbo metabolites
8
phase reactions
8
vpbo
7
metabolites
5
in vitro investigations
4
investigations metabolism
4

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!