An aptamer-based colorimetric-phosphorescent assay was developed for the detection of isocarbophos. The colorimetric assay relied on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) caused by the competitive binding of aptamer between isocarbophos and AuNPs in the presence of a high salt concentration. The further addition of persistent luminescence nanorods (PLNRs) into the system showed the phosphorescence sensitively proportional to the concentration of isocarbophos, due to the inner filter effect between PLNRs and AuNPs. The assay showed good linearity within 50-500 μg/L and 5-160 μg/L, and limit of detection of 7.1 μg/L and 0.54 μg/L in colorimetry and phosphorescence mode, respectively. The feasibility of this approach for food analysis was demonstrated with the sensitive and selective determination of isocarbophos residues in vegetables.
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