AI Article Synopsis
- Metals can accumulate in different cell compartments, affecting their availability and toxicity in marine mammals.
- Subcellular metal distribution was analyzed in Steno bredanensis from Southeastern Brazil using ICP-MS, revealing varying levels of detoxification mechanisms for different metals.
- This research provides new insights into how metals, especially essential ones, may protect against toxicity, highlighting the importance of assessing subcellular metal distribution for biomonitoring efforts.
Article Abstract
Metals are subject to internal subcellular compartmentalization, altering their bioavailability. Thus, subcellular metal assessments are crucial in biomonitoring efforts. Metal distribution in three subcellular fractions (insoluble - ISF, thermolabile - TLF and thermostable - TSF) were determined by ICP-MS in Steno bredanensis specimens from Southeastern Brazil. Associations between metals, metallothionein (MT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were also investigated. Differential metal-detoxification mechanisms were observed. MT detoxification was mostly noted for As, Cd, and Pb, while Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Se and Ti displayed lower MT-associations. Fe, Zn and Se, on the other hand, were poorly associated to MT, and mostly present in the ISF, indicating low bioavailability. This is the first report on subcellular Sn and Ti distribution in cetaceans and the first in this species in Brazil. Potential protective roles of essential metals against toxic elements are postulated. This study indicates that important biochemical detoxification information is obtained through subcellular fraction analyses in marine mammals.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.038 | DOI Listing |
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