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http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/PCC.18l02376 | DOI Listing |
Neurocrit Care
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA.
Background: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a psychiatric-neurologic emergency that may require intensive care management. There is a paucity of information about NMS as a critical illness. We reviewed the Mayo Clinic experience.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuropsychopharmacol Hung
December 2024
College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
Objective: Benzodiazepines, particularly lorazepam, are good options for acute catatonia treatment. Published catatonia literature on benzodiazepine maintenance treatment and benzodiazepine tolerance is limited.
Methods: This is a chart review covering 30 years of clinical experience in the state of Kentucky, (United States of America), where there was no easy access to electroconvulsive therapy.
J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA, 33613; Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32608.
Background: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare yet potentially fatal iatrogenic syndrome that can manifest with life-threatening symptoms. Theorized to be caused by the dopamine-blocking effects of certain medications, such as antipsychotics, or the withdrawal of dopaminergic agents, NMS is characterized by hyperthermia, autonomic instability, altered mental status, and muscular rigidity. Most treated cases resolve within weeks; however, in some cases, residual catatonic symptoms can persist for months after the resolution of acute hyperthermic and hypermetabolic symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCatatonia is one of the most severe psychiatric syndromes, and clinical symptoms and etiology are very heterogeneous. When accompanied by autonomic instability and hyperthermia it’s termed malignant catatonia, which left untreated is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. First-line treatment is high dose benzodiazepines, followed by electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), in case of non-response.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Psychiatry
December 2024
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Background: Creatine kinase (CK) is an intracellular enzyme expressed most commonly in tissues such as skeletal muscle. CK can be used as an investigation to support the diagnosis of conditions such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), a rare idiosyncratic drug reaction - classically to antipsychotic medications - which can be fatal. Routine screening of CK in psychiatric inpatients is a known practice, but its value is uncertain.
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