Association of Hypothyroidism with Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Hypothyroidism is widely thought to cause vascular endothelial disorders and atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to explore whether patients with hypertension and hypothyroidism may have a higher incidence of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

Methods: Cases of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage collected from the neurology department and neurosurgery department of our hospital from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018, were retrospectively collected. A case-control study was conducted on an equal number of patients with hypertension without hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage randomly selected through age matching in the same period. The history of hypothyroidism and other common risk factors at admission was recorded.

Results: A total of 231 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were included and 231 patients with hypertension were selected for control subjects according to the age matching and random screening principles. Hypothyroidism was present in 54 patients (23.4%) and 33 matched controls (14.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypothyroidism was an independent risk factor for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (odds ratio, 2.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.38-3.79; P = 0.001).

Conclusions: Hypothyroidism may be independently associated with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. In view of the known pathophysiologic relationship between hypothyroidism and vascular endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, further research and exploration are necessary.