The objective of the present research was to develop and validate an indigenous scale of religious tolerance for young adults, based on Van der Walt (2014) model of religious tolerance. The two independent studies were conducted in this regard. In the first study, a pool of 81 items was generated and after qualitative analysis and pilot study, 53 items were retained for exploratory factor analysis. Using the data from the sample of (N = 500) students, the items were then subjected to principal component analysis using varimax rotation method. A factor solution based on 25 items and 7 well-structured factors was obtained. Afterward, a similar sample of (N = 282) students was obtained for confirmatory factor analysis that confirmed the factor structure of the scale with 23 items. In the second study, validation of the scale was determined by examining its convergent and discriminant validity with the original religious tolerance questionnaire and balanced dogmatism sale, respectively. The results of the study uphold religious tolerance scale as a promising indigenous psychometric measure for religious tolerance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10943-019-00897-5 | DOI Listing |
Next year will mark the 100th anniversary of the Scopes trial, a 1925 court case in the US state of Tennessee on the teaching of evolution in public schools. John Scopes was tried for violating the Butler Act, a state rule that declared unlawful any teaching that denied the creation of man according to the Bible. The highly publicized event put an intense spotlight on William Jennings Bryan, a populist presidential candidate and religious fundamentalist who was counsel for the government, and on Clarence Darrow, a liberal agnostic and social justice advocate who defended Scopes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Craniofac Surg
December 2024
Department of Plastic Surgery, Armed Forces Capital Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-City, Gyeonggi-do, and Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
The aim of this review is to explore the reasons behind the prevalence of cosmetic surgery in Korea from the viewpoint of "basic values." In societies characterized by high levels of prejudice, the hierarchy of values from highest to lowest is as follows: (1) political, (2) economic, (3) religious, (4) social, (5) theoretical, and (6) aesthetic. Conversely, in societies with low levels of prejudice, the ranking of values from highest to lowest is: (1) aesthetic, (2) social, (3) religious, (4) theoretical, (5) economic, and (6) political.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bioeth Inq
December 2024
Office of Ethics in Healthcare, SingHealth, Singapore, Singapore.
This paper sets forth and defends a pluriversal approach to religion in the context of an increasingly global bioethics. Section I introduces a pluriversal view as a normative technique for engaging across difference. A normative pluriversal approach sets five constraints: civility, change from within, justice, non-domination, and tolerance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Psychol
September 2024
Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Background: The academic development and widespread adoption of meditation practices for well-being and therapy have predominantly focused on secularised adaptations of Buddhist and Hindu techniques. This study aims to expand the field by investigating Christian and Islamic meditation that emphasize the spiritual significance of the heart through elements of visualisation and recitation. It compares the effects of spiritual heart-centred meditation with mindfulness meditation and a waitlist control, focusing on dimensions of social functioning, psychophysiology, cognition, and mental health.
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