AI Article Synopsis
- Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, which significantly impacts cetaceans and can lead to high rates of illness and death.
- The study analyzed 185 tissue samples from 20 cetacean species in Brazil, revealing that only 1.6% of the animals showed signs of T. gondii infection.
- Key lesions found in the infected animals included liver inflammation, adrenal gland inflammation, and lymph node inflammation, marking an important expansion of knowledge about this infection in South American marine mammals.
Article Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. In cetaceans, T. gondii infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite the worldwide range and broad cetacean host record of T. gondii infection, there is limited information on toxoplasmosis in cetaceans from the Southern hemisphere. We investigated the occurrence of T. gondii by histopathology and immunohistochemistry in tissue samples of 185 animals comprising 20 different cetacean species from Brazil. Three out of 185 (1.6%) animals presented T. gondii-associated lesions: a captive killer whale Orcinus orca, a free-ranging common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus and a free-ranging Guiana dolphin Sotalia guianensis. The main lesions observed in these animals were necrotizing hepatitis, adrenalitis and lymphadenitis associated with protozoal cysts or extracellular tachyzoites presenting immunolabeling with anti-T. gondii antibodies. This study widens the spectrum of species and the geographic range of this agent in Brazil, and provides the first reports of T. gondii infection in a captive killer whale and in a free-ranging common bottlenose dolphin in South America.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612019051 | DOI Listing |
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