Pancreatic beta-cell death is a major factor in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but straightforward methods to measure beta-cell loss in humans are lacking, underlining the need for novel biomarkers. Using studies in INS-1 cells, human islets, diabetic mice, and serum samples of subjects with T1D at different stages, we have identified serum miR-204 as an early biomarker of T1D-associated beta-cell loss in humans. MiR-204 is a highly enriched microRNA in human beta-cells, and we found that it is released from dying beta-cells and detectable in human serum. We further discovered that serum miR-204 was elevated in children and adults with T1D and in autoantibody-positive at-risk subjects but not in type 2 diabetes or other autoimmune diseases and was inversely correlated with remaining beta-cell function in recent-onset T1D. Thus, serum miR-204 may provide a much needed novel approach to assess early T1D-associated human beta-cell loss even before onset of overt disease.
To find a distinct non-coding RNA characteristic for idiopathic uveitis in the pediatric population. To explore the autoimmune-related miRNA expression profile in pediatric patients with idiopathic uveitis (IU) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIA-AU) and find a common molecular background for idiopathic uveitis and other autoimmune diseases. The expression levels of miRNAs were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR using serum samples from patients with idiopathic uveitis (n = 8), juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (n = 7), and healthy controls.
Persistent HPV infections contribute to cervical cancer progression by influencing local immune responses, particularly the infiltration of M2 macrophages.
The study reveals that exosomes from HPV E6+ cervical cancer cells play a key role in polarizing macrophages to the M2 type, primarily through the action of miR-204-5p, which inhibits a protein called JAK2.
This research highlights the potential of exosomal miR-204-5p as both a biomarker for assessing cervical lesion severity and a target for future therapeutic strategies.
* A study involving 308 hyperthyroidism patients and healthy controls found that water iodine levels above 100 μg/L are an independent risk factor for hyperthyroidism, with significant increases in certain cytokines and serum thyroglobulin levels in affected individuals.
* High-throughput miRNA sequencing identified specific miRNAs (miR-144-3p, miR-204-5p, miR-346, miR-23b-5p, and miR-193b-3p)
We previously demonstrated hepatic, cardiac, and skin inflammation in a high-fat diet-induced steatotic liver disease (SLD) model. However, the molecular mechanism in the kidneys in this model remains unclear. It has been recently reported that SGLT2 inhibitors improve chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate gene expression, controlling numerous cellular processes. Dysregulation of miRNA function is linked to various diseases, making them attractive diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Examples include hsa-miR-92a-3p, hsa-miR-126-3p, hsa-miR-143-3p, hsa-miR-145-5p and hsa-miR-204-5p, which are associated with endothelial function.
