A continuum study of layer analysis for single species ion transport inside double-layered graphene sheets with various separations.

We investigate the formation of thin ionic layers driven by electro-osmotic forces, that are commonly found in micro- and nano-channels. Recently, multi-layers have been reported in the literature. However, the relation between classical Debye layers and multi-layers, which is a practically and fundamentally important question, was previously unexplained. Here, we fill this gap by using a continuum approach to investigate the flow of lithium ions inside double-layered graphene sheets. Fluid flow, charge conductivity and thermal stability will be investigated. We show that the separation and strength of forces between the sheets, the external electric field and thermal effects determine the topology of the ionic layers between the graphene sheets.