Conserved roles of glucose in suppressing reactive oxygen species-induced cell death and animal survival.

Aging (Albany NY)

Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Published: August 2019

Carbohydrate overconsumption increases blood glucose levels, which contributes to the development of various diseases including obesity and diabetes. It is generally believed that high glucose metabolism increases cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, damages insulin-secreting cells and leads to age-associated diabetic phenotypes. Here we find that in contrast, high glucose suppresses ROS production induced by paraquat in both mammalian cells and the round worm . The role of glucose in suppressing ROS is further supported by glucose's ability to alleviate paraquat's toxicity on development Consistently, we find that the ROS-regulated transcription factor SKN-1 is inactivated by glucose. As a result, the ROS/SKN-1-dependent lifespan extension observed in paraquat-treated animals, mitochondrial respiration mutant and germline-less mutant are all suppressed by glucose. Our study reveals an unprecedented interaction of glucose with ROS, which could have significant impact on our current understanding of glucose- and ROS-related diseases.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6710067PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/aging.102155DOI Listing

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