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Inference from the analysis of genetic structure of Helicobacter pylori strains isolates from two paediatric patients with recurrent infection. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Helicobacter pylori infections in children can reoccur after treatment, primarily through transmission within families, prompting a study on the genetic evolution of strains from two pediatric patients with recurrent infections.
  • Researchers analyzed virulence genes and performed multilocus sequence typing (MLST) on strains, finding high genetic diversity, new alleles, and specific virulence genotypes frequently present in the strains.
  • The study concluded that H. pylori strains undergo significant genetic changes during recrudescence and reinfection, possibly due to mutations and genetic recombination events, indicating a complex evolution in response to treatment and reinfection.

Article Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori recurrence after successful eradication is an important problem. Children are particularly vulnerable to reinfection, by intrafamilial transmission which facilitates the acquisition or recombination of new genetic information by this bacterium. We investigated the evolutionary dynamics of 80 H. pylori strains isolated from two paediatric patients with recurrent infection (recrudescence and reinfection).

Results: We characterized the virulence genes vacA (s1, m1, s2, and m2), cagA, cagE, and babA2 and performed multilocus sequence typing (MLST) on 7 housekeeping genes (atpA, efp, ureI, ppa, mutY, trpC, and yphC) to infer the evolutionary dynamics of the H. pylori strains through phylogenetic and genealogic inference analyses, genetic diversity analysis and the exploration of recombination events during recurrent infections. The virulence genotype vacAs1m1/cagA+/cagE+/babA2 was present at a high frequency, as were the EPIYA motifs EPIYA-A, -B and -C. Furthermore, the housekeeping genes of the H. pylori strains exhibited high genetic variation, comprising 26 new alleles and 17 new Sequence Type (ST). In addition, the hpEurope (76.5%) and hspWAfrica (23.5%) populations predominated among the paediatric strains. All strains, regardless of their ancestral affiliation, harboured western EPIYA motifs.

Conclusions: This study provides evidence of the evolutionary dynamics of the H. pylori strains in two paediatric patients during recrudescence and reinfection events. In particular, our study shows that the strains changed during these events, as evidenced by the presence of different STs that emerged before and after treatment; these changes may be due to the accumulation of mutations and recombination events during the diversification process and recolonization of the patients by different genotypes.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6686460PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1554-zDOI Listing

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