Many patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) also exhibit noncognitive symptoms such as sensorimotor deficits, which can precede the hallmark cognitive deficits and significantly impact daily activities and an individual's ability to live independently. However, the mechanisms underlying sensorimotor dysfunction in AD and their relationship with cognitive decline remains poorly understood, due in part to a lack of translationally relevant animal models. To address this, we recently developed a novel model of genetic diversity in Alzheimer's disease, the AD-BXD genetic reference panel. In this study, we investigated sensorimotor deficits in the AD-BXDs and the relationship to cognitive decline in these mice. We found that age- and AD-related declines in coordination, balance and vestibular function vary significantly across the panel, indicating genetic background strongly influences the expressivity of the familial AD mutations used in the AD-BXD panel and their impact on motor function. Although young males and females perform comparably regardless of genotype on narrow beam and inclined screen tasks, there were significant sex differences in aging- and AD-related decline, with females exhibiting worse decline than males of the same age and transgene status. Finally, we found that AD motor decline is not correlated with cognitive decline, suggesting that sensorimotor deficits in AD may occur through distinct mechanisms. Overall, our results suggest that AD-related sensorimotor decline is strongly dependent on background genetics and is independent of dementia and cognitive deficits, suggesting that effective therapeutics for the entire spectrum of AD symptoms will likely require interventions targeting each distinct domain involved in the disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gbb.12603 | DOI Listing |
J Neurol
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
Background: Cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairment, known as cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS), may be present in cerebellar disorders. This study identified distinct CCAS subtypes in cerebellar patients using cluster analysis.
Methods: The German CCAS-Scale (G-CCAS-S), a brief screening test for CCAS, was assessed in 205 cerebellar patients and 200 healthy controls.
Metab Brain Dis
December 2024
School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212013, PR China.
Schizophrenia is a kind of neurodevelopmental mental disorder in which patients begin to experience changes early in their development, typically manifesting around or after puberty and has a fluctuating course. Environmental disturbances during adolescence may be a risk factor for schizophrenia-like deficits. As a better treatment option, preventive intervention prior to schizophrenia may be more beneficial than direct treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neuroinflammation
December 2024
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INT, Inst. Neurosci. Timone, Marseille, France.
Background: Non-invasive photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), employing specific infrared light wavelengths to stimulate biological tissues, has recently gained attention for its application to treat neurological disorders. Here, we aimed to uncover the cellular targets of PBMT and assess its potential as a therapeutic intervention for multiple sclerosis (MS).
Methods: We applied daily dorsoventral PBMT in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model, which recapitulates key features of MS, and revealed a strong positive impact of PBMT on the sensorimotor deficits.
Phys Ther
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States.
Importance: There is unclear evidence on when to initiate physical therapy after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in non-athlete, adult population.
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate physical therapy timing after mTBI through changes in patient-reported and clinically-assessed tools and objective and mechanism measurements of sensorimotor balance control.
Design: This study was an investigator-blinded randomized control trial (NCT03479541).
Dev Cogn Neurosci
December 2024
Research Division of Digital Health and Applied Technology Assessment (DHATA), Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, James Clerk Maxwell Building, 57 Waterloo Rd, London SE1 8WA, UK. Electronic address:
In older children and adults, cognition builds upon waking sensory experience which is consolidated during sleep. In the fetus and newborn, sensory input is instead largely experienced during sleep. The nature of these sensory inputs differs within sleep, between active and quiet sleep, as well as versus wakefulness.
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