Whole Genome Sequence of the Commercially Relevant Mushroom Strain var. ARP23.

G3 (Bethesda)

Genome Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland,

Published: October 2019

is an extensively cultivated edible mushroom. Demand for cultivation is continuously growing and difficulties associated with breeding programs now means strains are effectively considered monoculture. While commercial growing practices are highly efficient and tightly controlled, the over-use of a single strain has led to a variety of disease outbreaks from a range of pathogens including bacteria, fungi and viruses. To address this, the Agaricus Resource Program (ARP) was set up to collect wild isolates from diverse geographical locations through a bounty-driven scheme to create a repository of wild germplasm. One of the strains collected, var. ARP23, has been crossed extensively with white commercial varieties leading to the generation of a novel hybrid with a dark brown pileus commonly referred to as 'Heirloom'. Heirloom has been successfully implemented into commercial mushroom cultivation. In this study the whole genome of var. ARP23 was sequenced and assembled with Illumina and PacBio sequencing technology. The final genome was found to be 33.49 Mb in length and have significant levels of synteny to other sequenced strains. Overall, 13,030 putative protein coding genes were located and annotated. Relative to the other genomes that are currently available, var. ARP23 is the largest strain in terms of gene number and genetic content sequenced to date. Comparative genomic analysis shows that the mating loci in unifactorial and unsurprisingly highly conserved between strains. The lignocellulolytic gene content of all strains compared is also very similar. Our results show that the pangenome structure of is quite diverse with between 60-70% of the total protein coding genes per strain considered as being orthologous and syntenically conserved. These analyses and the genome sequence described herein are the starting point for more detailed molecular analyses into the growth and phenotypical responses of var. ARP23 when challenged with economically important mycoviruses.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6778795PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.119.400563DOI Listing

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