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evoke and evoke+: design of two large-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies evaluating efficacy, safety, and tolerability of semaglutide in early-stage symptomatic Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimers Res Ther
January 2025
Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Background: Disease-modifying therapies targeting the diverse pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including neuroinflammation, represent potentially important and novel approaches. The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist semaglutide is approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity and has an established safety profile. Semaglutide may have a disease-modifying, neuroprotective effect in AD through multimodal mechanisms including neuroinflammatory, vascular, and other AD-related processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation between serum uric acid, hyperuricemia and low muscle mass in middle-aged and elderly adults: A national health and nutrition examination study.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Backgrounds: Recent research suggests that uric acid, as a metabolite with antioxidant properties, may affect muscle function and health. However, the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and low muscle mass remains relatively obscure. This study focuses on the association between SUA and low muscle mass in a middle-aged and elderly population in the United States.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluating the weight-adjusted waist index as a predictive tool for sarcopenia and mortality risk.
Eat Weight Disord
January 2025
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
Purpose: The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a novel anthropometric measure. WWI is linked to reduced muscle mass and strength; however, its efficacy for assessing sarcopenia and predicting adverse outcomes has yet to be validated. This study compared and examined the relationship between sarcopenia and WWI across different diagnostic criteria and aimed to evaluate its potential as a predictor of sarcopenia and all-cause mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubtypes of brain change in aging and their associations with cognition and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.
Neurobiol Aging
December 2024
Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo 0373, Norway.
Structural brain changes underlie cognitive changes and interindividual variability in cognition in older age. By using structural MRI data-driven clustering, we aimed to identify subgroups of cognitively unimpaired older adults based on brain change patterns and assess how changes in cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume relate to cognitive change. We tested (1) which brain structural changes predict cognitive change (2) whether these are associated with core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, and (3) the degree of overlap between clusters derived from different structural modalities in 1899 cognitively healthy older adults followed up to 16 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRobust, fully-automated assessment of cerebral perivascular spaces and white matter lesions: a multicentre MRI longitudinal study of their evolution and association with risk of dementia and accelerated brain atrophy.
EBioMedicine
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Background: Perivascular spaces (PVS) on brain MRI are surrogates for small parenchymal blood vessels and their perivascular compartment, and may relate to brain health. However, it is unknown whether PVS can predict dementia risk and brain atrophy trajectories in participants without dementia, as longitudinal studies on PVS are scarce and current methods for PVS assessment lack robustness and inter-scanner reproducibility.
Methods: We developed a robust algorithm to automatically assess PVS count and size on clinical MRI, and investigated 1) their relationship with dementia risk and brain atrophy in participants without dementia, 2) their longitudinal evolution, and 3) their potential use as a screening tool in simulated clinical trials.
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