Anti-plasmodial Effects of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides.

Planta Med

Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Published: September 2019

, syn. , is a tree growing in West Africa and is used in traditional medicine against a variety of diseases, including malaria. In the work reported here, root bark and stem bark extracts of this tree, as well as compounds isolated from the extracts, have been investigated for activity against chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of . In addition, toxicity against nauplii of the brine shrimp has been studied. Dichloromethane extracts of the root bark and stem bark, and a methanol extract of the stem bark, showed anti-parasitic activity towards chloroquine-sensitive as well as chloroquine-resistant , with IC values between 1 and 10 µg/mL. Among the isolated compounds, bis-dihydrochelerythrinyl ether, buesgenine, chelerythrine, -fagarine, skimmianine, and pellitorine were the most active, with IC values of less than 5 µg/mL. The dichloromethane extracts were toxic to brine shrimp nauplii, with LC values of less than 1 µg/mL. Methanol extracts were much less toxic (LC between 50 and 100 µg/mL). Among the isolated substances, bis-dihydrochelethrinyl ether was the most toxic (LC ca. 2 µg/mL).

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0973-0067DOI Listing

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