Cardiac imaging of a patient with unusual presentation of granulomatosis with polyangiitis: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that cardiac involvement in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) occurs more frequently than previously reported. Multimodality cardiac imaging is gaining attention in the diagnosis, prognostication, and follow-up of such patients; however, the data remain scarce.

Results: 2D-TTE was useful for initial screening; while both cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) metabolic imaging with rubidium-82 PET perfusion imaging were useful for characterization of myocardial disease. FDG-PET/CT was very useful for the follow-up of cardiac disease activity following treatment.

Conclusion: FDG-PET/CT is sensitive for the detection of cardiac involvement by GPA and is useful for the tissue characterization and follow-up of disease activity following treatment.