Aflatoxins continue to be a food safety problem globally, especially in developing regions. A significant amount of effort and resources have been invested in an attempt to control aflatoxins. However, these efforts have not substantially decreased the prevalence nor the dietary exposure to aflatoxins in developing countries. One approach to aflatoxin control is the use of binding agents in foods, and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been studied extensively for this purpose. However, when assessing the results comprehensively and reviewing the practicality and ethics of use, risks are evident, and concerns arise. In conclusion, our review suggests that there are too many issues with using LAB for aflatoxin binding for it to be safely promoted. Arguably, using binders in human food might even worsen food safety in the longer term.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11070410 | DOI Listing |
Front Immunol
December 2024
Tumor Vaccine and Biotechnology Branch, Office of Cellular Therapy and Human Tissues, Office of Therapeutic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, United States Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA), Silver Spring, MD, United States.
Introduction: CAR-T cell therapy is associated with life-threatening inflammatory toxicities, partly due to the activation and secretion of inflammatory cytokines by bystander myeloid cells (BMCs). However, due to limited clinical data, it is unclear whether CAR-NK cells cause similar toxicities.
Methods: We characterized the soluble factors (SFs) released by activated human CAR-T and CAR-NK cells and assessed their role in BMC activation (BMCA).
Front Toxicol
December 2024
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Introduction: The ingestion of nanomaterials (NMs) may impair the intestinal barrier, but the underlying mechanisms remain evasive, and evidence has not been systematically gathered or produced. A mechanistic-based approach would be instrumental in assessing whether relevant NMs disrupt the intestinal barrier, thereby supporting the NM risk assessment in the food sector.
Methods: In this study, we developed an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) based on biological plausibility and by leveraging information from an existing NM-relevant AOP that leads to hepatic outcomes.
J Vet Res
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
Introduction: Synthetic anabolic hormones, which may pose a potential risk to human health, should not be used in fattening food-producing animals. Because of the hormonal effects they cause, growth-promoting compounds are banned by legislation in the EU for use in animal husbandry. Consequently, all EU member states are required to conduct monitoring tests on the content and residues of these compounds in prescribed biological matrices to ensure the safety of food consumers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMIA Open
February 2025
Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
Objective: Measurement of health-related social needs (HRSNs) is complex. We sought to develop and validate computable phenotypes (CPs) using structured electronic health record (EHR) data for food insecurity, housing instability, financial insecurity, transportation barriers, and a composite-type measure of these, using human-defined rule-based and machine learning (ML) classifier approaches.
Materials And Methods: We collected HRSN surveys as the reference standard and obtained EHR data from 1550 patients in 3 health systems from 2 states.
Diabetes Obes Metab
January 2025
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Background: Effective glycaemic control following cardiac surgery improves clinical outcomes, and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) might be a valuable tool in achieving this objective. We investigated the effect of real-time CGM and telemonitoring on postoperative glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Methods: In this randomized clinical trial (RCT), adults with T2D undergoing CABG were assigned to either a test group utilizing real-time CGM (Dexcom G6) and telemetry for glycaemic control, or a control group with blinded CGM measures, relying on point-of-care measures.
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