AI Article Synopsis
- Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) aim to interrupt malaria transmission by targeting the sexual stages of the Plasmodium vivax parasite, with Pvs25 and Pvs28 being leading candidates for vivax malaria.
- A study of 62 Myanmar P. vivax isolates revealed considerable genetic diversity, identifying 9 haplotypes for Pvs25 and 19 for Pvs28, with Pvs28 showing slightly higher nucleotide diversity.
- The research found that while Pvs25 was under negative selection, Pvs28 exhibited positive selection, indicating geographical differences in gene variations between Asian and other populations could affect TBV effectiveness.
Article Abstract
Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) target the sexual stages of malarial parasites to interrupt or reduce the transmission cycle have been one of approaches to control malaria. Pvs25 and Pvs28 are the leading candidate antigens of TBVs against vivax malaria. In this study, genetic diversity and natural selection of the two TBV candidate genes in Plasmodium vivax Myanmar isolates were analyzed. The 62 Myanmar P. vivax isolates showed 9 and 19 different haplotypes for Pvs25 and Pvs28, respectively. The nucleotide diversity of Pvs28 was slightly higher than Pvs25, but not significant. Most amino acid substitutions observed in Myanmar Pvs25 and Pvs28 were concentrated at the EGF-2 and EGF-3 like domains. Major amino acid changes found in Myanmar Pvs25 and Pvs28 were similar to those reported in the global population, but novel amino acid substitutions were also identified. Negative selection was predicted in Myanmar Pvs25, whereas Pvs28 was under positive selection. Comparative analysis of global Pvs25 and Pvs28 suggests a substantial geographical difference between the Asian and American/African Pvs25 and Pvs28. The geographical genetic differentiation and the evidence for natural selection in global Pvs25 and Pvs28 suggest that the functional consequences of the observed polymorphism need to be considered for the development of effective TBVs based on the antigens.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105104 | DOI Listing |
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