Due to the global epidemic of obesity, weight loss and appetite suppressant herbal products are quite popular. As these medications are not United States Food and Drug Administration-approved and are regulated as dietary supplements, little evidence exists regarding their safety. This case discusses an 82-year-old man with the past medical history of obesity who presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain in the epigastric region. His serum lipase was elevated, and an abdominal computed tomography revealed acute pancreatitis (AP). He reported two episodes of AP in the past. He denied any alcohol use and reported no recent changes in his medications. He reported taking (GC) recently as an appetite suppressant. Due to prior cholecystectomy, no alcohol abuse, no recent changes in medications and recent use of GC, a likely etiology of AP was thought to be secondary to the use of GC. He was treated with bowel rest and intravenous fluid hydration with significant improvement in his symptoms. He was advised to avoid GC in the future. Clinicians should be vigilant in evaluating their patients with AP and should get a meticulous history regarding their use of over-the-counter medications and herbal products.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.4676 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Background: The APOE ε4 allele is the most prominent genetic predisposition for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amylin, a neuroendocrine hormone co-secreted with insulin from the pancreas, is increased in blood in AD and readily forms neurotoxic homo- and hetero-oligomers with β-amyloid in AD. Previously, we showed that intravenously infused ApoE4 in rats expressing human amylin specifically in the pancreas led to increased brain amylin accumulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Background: Impaired interstitial fluid drainage in the brain is indicated by the presence of perivascular β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits and is attributed to alterations in contractility and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The brain microvasculature in Alzheimer disease (AD) accumulates amyloid-forming amylin secreted from the pancreas. Here, we tested the hypothesis that cerebrovascular amylin deposits perturbs cerebral Aβ efflux by impairing cerebral vasodilation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Pharmacol
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that mainly causes joint damage. The patient experiences loss of appetite, pain, fever, and fatigue. The present study was designed to phytochemically characterize and evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of green-synthesized copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) using the hydroalcoholic extract of roots in an adjuvant-induced arthritic rat model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Sport Sci
January 2024
Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
The incretins (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide [GIP] and glucagon-like peptide-1 [GLP-1]), along with amylin/islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) and insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), are hormones/enzymes that have been pharmacological targets, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, due to their insulinotropic actions. Physical training is recommended as a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, its effects on the concentrations of these hormones/enzymes are not well known. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of combined training (CT) on the concentrations of hormones/enzymes with insulinotropic actions in individuals with T2DM and overweight.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem Lett
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, 1007E Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States.
Amyloid aggregates are hallmarks of the pathology of a wide range of diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Much epidemiological and pathological evidence points to significant overlap between AD and T2D. Individuals with T2D have a higher likelihood of developing AD; moreover, colocalized aggregates of amyloid β (Aβ) and the islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), the two main peptides implicated in the formation of toxic amyloid aggregates in AD and T2D, have also been identified in the brain.
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