Extension of renal mass (RM) along venous drainage pathways is a well-recognized entity. All previously reported cases of RM show inferior vena cava (IVC), left renal vein and azygous vein involvement. We report a 55-year-old man who had left RM arising from the upper pole with invasion in left renal vein, IVC and hemi-azygous vein. To our knowledge, we report the first case of RM with venous extension in hemi-azygous vein.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6614173 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eucr.2019.100956 | DOI Listing |
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