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Linking late Paleoindian stone tool technologies and populations in North, Central and South America. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The peopling of Central and South America involved multiple waves of immigrants during the Pleistocene and early Holocene eras, adapting to changing environments with new technologies.
  • In Belize, evidence of a unique late Pleistocene/early Holocene stone tool tradition has been found, highlighting a specific Paleoindian culture in southern Mesoamerica.
  • These tools, similar to North and South American counterparts, served various functions and reflect a time of regional technological diversification, influenced by climate shifts and population movements in the neotropics.

Article Abstract

From the perspective of Central and South America, the peopling of the New World was a complex process lasting thousands of years and involving multiple waves of Pleistocene and early Holocene period immigrants entering into the neotropics. These Paleoindian colonists initially brought with them technologies developed for adaptation to environments and resources found in North America. As the ice age ended across the New World people adapted more generalized stone tools to exploit changing environments and resources. In the neotropics these changes would have been pronounced as patchy forests and grasslands gave way to broadleaf tropical forests. We document a late Pleistocene/early Holocene stone tool tradition from Belize, located in southern Mesoamerica. This represents the first endogenous Paleoindian stone tool technocomplex recovered from well dated stratigraphic contexts for Mesoamerica. Previously designated Lowe, these artifacts share multiple features with contemporary North and South American Paleoindian tool types. Once hafted, these bifaces appear to have served multiple functions for cutting, hooking, thrusting, or throwing. The tools were developed at a time of technological regionalization reflecting the diverse demands of a period of pronounced environmental change and population movement. Combined stratigraphic, technological, and population paleogenetic data suggests that there were strong ties between lowland neotropic regions at the onset of the Holocene.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6638942PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0219812PLOS

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