Maternal Mortality due to Eclampsia in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Identifying Underlying Risk Factors, and Care-seeking Behaviours.

Objective: To identify the characteristics of women at risk of death due to eclampsia, and steps to improve maternal outcome.

Methods: This study is a part of a retrospective study conducted in 2016 and included Mansehra, Swabi, Haripur, Nowshera, Kohat, and Dera Ismail Khan districts of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, and used information cited by a 2016 study to estimate the maternal mortality rate in the province based on data pertaining to the 2013-14 period. The Maternal Death from Informants / Maternal Death Follow-on Review method was applied to identify the magnitude, causes and circumstances of maternal deaths in the province. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis.

Results: Of the 958 cases of maternal death identified, 167(17%) were related to eclampsia. The median age of such women was 28 years (interquartile range: 11 years). Of them, 88 (53%) died undelivered, 48 (29%) had a live birth while 31 (18%) had a stillbirth or abortion. Mothers aged 25 years or above (p<0.01), primiparous (p<0.01) and those with a previous history of stillbirth (p<0.005) carried higher risk, while higher socioeconomic status had a protective effect (p<0.007).

Conclusions: Eclampsia deaths can be prevented through Continuum of Care approach and by ensuring provision of basic health facilities across the board.