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Impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene indicators on enteric viral pathogens among under-5 children in low resource settings.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Poor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are the primary risks of exposure to enteric viral infection. Our study aimed to describe the role of WASH conditions and practices as risk factors for enteric viral infections in children under 5. Literature on the risk factors associated with all-cause diarrhea masks the taxa-specific drivers of diarrhea from specific pathogens, limiting the application of relevant control strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeographic disparities impacting oral vaccine performance: Observations and future directions.
Clin Exp Immunol
January 2025
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA.
Oral vaccines have several advantages compared with parenteral administration: they can be relatively cheap to produce in high quantities, easier to administer, and induce intestinal mucosal immunity that can protect against infection. These characteristics have led to successful use of oral vaccines against rotavirus, polio, and cholera. Unfortunately, oral vaccines for all three diseases have demonstrated lower performance in the highest-burden settings where they are most needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegulation of Isoleucine on Colonic Barrier Function in Rotavirus-Infected Weanling Piglets and Analysis of Gut Microbiota and Metabolomics.
Microorganisms
November 2024
Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China.
Rotavirus (RV) is a significant contributor to diarrhea in both young children and animals, especially in piglets, resulting in considerable economic impacts on the global pig industry. Isoleucine (Ile), a branched-chain amino acid, is crucial for regulating nutrient metabolism and has been found to help mitigate diarrhea. This study aimed to assess the impact of isoleucine supplementation in feed on colonic barrier function, colonic microbiota, and metabolism in RV-infected weanling piglets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViral infections in celiac disease: what should be considered for better management.
Clin Exp Med
December 2024
Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Following a gluten-free diet (GFD) is known as the main effective therapy available for celiac disease (CD) patients, which in some cases is not enough to heal all patients presentations completely. Accordingly, emerging researchers have focused on finding novel therapeutic/preventive strategies for this disorder. Moreover, previous studies have shown that celiac patients, especially untreated subjects, are at increased risk of developing viral and bacterial infections, which can become a challenge for the clinician.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLoss of mucin 2 and MHC II molecules causes rare resistance to murine RV infection.
J Virol
December 2024
Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Enteric pathogen rotavirus (RV) primarily infects mature enterocytes at the tips of the intestinal villi; however, the role of secretory Paneth and goblet cells in RV pathogenesis remains unappreciated. Atoh1 knockout mice (Atoh1cKO) were used to conditionally delete Paneth, goblet, and enteroendocrine cells in the epithelium to investigate the role of secretory cells in RV infection. Unexpectedly, the number of infected enterocytes and the amount of RV shedding in the stool were greatly decreased following secretory cell deletion.
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