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Unique imaging observations in an incidentally detected bilateral upper lobe agenesis.

BMJ Case Rep

November 2024

Radiology, Narayana Hrudayalaya Health City Bangalore, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

Article Synopsis
  • - Bilateral upper lobe pulmonary agenesis is a rare birth defect typically discovered incidentally in adults, with non-specific and subtle findings on traditional x-rays.
  • - Diagnosis is often missed on regular radiography, but chest CT scans performed for other reasons can reveal this condition.
  • - Contrast-enhanced CT is the best method for diagnosing and detailing the features of pulmonary agenesis, and understanding related pulmonary anomalies is crucial in treating patients with congenital heart issues.
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Purpose: Amniotic fluid stem cell extracellular vesicles (AFSC-EVs) hold regenerative potential to treat hypoplastic lungs secondary to congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). This study aims to investigate sex-specific differences in pulmonary hypoplasia severity and responses to AFSC-EV administration in an experimental CDH mouse model.

Methods: C57BL/6J dams were fed with nitrofen + bisdiamine (left-sided CDH) or olive oil only (control) at embryonic day (E) 8.

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Pulmonary agenesis (PA) is a rare developmental malformation, with a frequency of approximately 1 in 10-15,000 pregnancies. Unilateral PA is often associated with other congenital anomalies, whereas bilateral PA is fatal. Prenatal diagnosis is rare and is diagnosed more frequently in the postnatal period than in the prenatal period.

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The omphalocele is an abdominal wall defect at the base of the umbilical cord, with the worldwide prevalence of 2.6 per 10,000 births. Omphalocele contains herniated abdominal organs and is classified in small and giant based on the size of the defect.

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