Renal tissue from 185 patients with various nephropathies were studied by immunofluorescence, in order to look for the frequency and potential predominance of kappa or lambda light chain glomerular deposits. Four normal renal biopsies were used as controls. An overall study shows that light chains were present in glomeruli in 136 out of 185 cases; kappa light chain deposits were more frequent than lambda light chain deposits (73.5% and 64.3% respectively). An analytical study shows that this was not observed in all nephropathies studied. In mesangial IgA nephropathy, lambda light chain deposits were seen in 81% of cases (29 out of 37) and kappa light chain deposits were observed in 78% (30 out of 37 cases). In lupus nephritis, lambda light chain deposits were present in 13 out of 14 cases (92.8%) whereas kappa light chain deposits were demonstrated in 12 cases (85.7%). In other nephropathies such as membranous, endocapillary proliferative and amyloid nephritis, kappa was the predominant light chain observed in glomeruli or was present in the same number of cases as lambda light chain (mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis). These findings show that in certain nephritides, for example IgA nephropathy and lupus nephritis, IgA and IgG deposits are mainly composed of lambda light chain in contrast with the normal kappa: lambda ratio in human serum of 2:1.
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This study aimed to elucidate the impact of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and glucose shock on cardiomyocyte viability, gene expression, cardiac biomarkers, and cardiac contractility. Firstly, AGEs were generated in-house, and their concentration was confirmed using absorbance measurements. AC16 cardiomyocytes were then exposed to varying doses of AGEs, resulting in dose-dependent decreases in cell viability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Germline haplodeficiency (RHD) is associated with thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction and predisposition to myeloid malignancies. Platelet expression profiling of a RHD patient showed decreased encoding for the A subunit of factor XIII, a transglutaminase that cross-links fibrin and induces clot stabilization. FXIII-A is synthesized by hematopoietic cells, megakaryocytes and monocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Nanoconfinements are utilized to program how polymers entangle and disentangle as chain clusters to engineer pseudo bonds with tunable strength, multivalency, and directionality. When amorphous polymers are grafted to nanoparticles that are one magnitude larger in size than individual polymers, programming grafted chain conformations can "synthesize" high-performance nanocomposites with moduli of ≈25GPa and a circular lifecycle without forming and/or breaking chemical bonds. These nanocomposites dissipate external stresses by disentangling and stretching grafted polymers up to ≈98% of their contour length, analogous to that of folded proteins; use both polymers and nanoparticles for load bearing; and exhibit a non-linear dependence on composition throughout the microscopic, nanoscopic, and single-particle levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Esp Urol
December 2024
Pediatric Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China.
Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used anticancer drug; However, its nephrotoxicity limits its therapeutic efficacy. This study investigates the protective effects of Perilla Alcohol (PA) against DOX-induced nephrotic syndrome (NS), focusing on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways.
Methods: A DOX-induced nephrotic syndrome (NS) rat model and a DOX-treated Mouse Podocyte Cell line 5 (MPC5) cell model were used to evaluate the renal protective effects of PA.
Small
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing, 400044, China.
Direct electrochemical detection of miRNA biomarkers in tumor tissue interstitial fluid (TIF) holds great promise for adjuvant therapy for tumors in the perioperative period, yet is limited by background interference and weak signal. Herein, a wash-free and separation-free miRNA biosensor based on photoexcited electro-driven reactive oxygen channeling analysis (LEOCA) is developed to solve the high-fidelity detection in physiological samples. In the presence of miRNA, nanoacceptors (ultrasmall-size polydopamine, uPDA) are responsively assembled on the surface of nanodonors (zirconium metal-organic framework, ZrMOF) to form core-satellite aggregates.
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