AI Article Synopsis
- In 2016, TB caused 1.7 million deaths globally, prompting a study in Kilifi County, Kenya, to analyze all-cause mortality rates and associated features among TB patients from 2012 to 2016.
- The analysis involved 10,717 patients, revealing a 5.5% mortality rate, which increased from 7.8 to 17.7 deaths per 100 person-years over the study period, with most deaths occurring within the first three months post-treatment initiation.
- Significant risk factors for mortality included age, gender, type of TB, malnutrition, HIV status, and the year of diagnosis, highlighting the need for further research into the underlying causes of increasing mortality rates among TB patients.
Article Abstract
Background: Globally in 2016, 1.7 million people died of Tuberculosis (TB). This study aimed to estimate all-cause mortality rate, identify features associated with mortality and describe trend in mortality rate from treatment initiation.
Method: A 5-year (2012-2016) retrospective analysis of electronic TB surveillance data from Kilifi County, Kenya. The outcome was all-cause mortality within 180 days after starting TB treatment. The risk factors examined were demographic and clinical features at the time of starting anti-TB treatment. We performed survival analysis with time at risk defined from day of starting TB treatment to time of death, lost-to-follow-up or completing treatment. To account for 'lost-to-follow-up' we used competing risk analysis method to examine risk factors for all-cause mortality.
Results: 10,717 patients receiving TB treatment, median (IQR) age 33 (24-45) years were analyzed; 3,163 (30%) were HIV infected. Overall, 585 (5.5%) patients died; mortality rate of 12.2 (95% CI 11.3-13.3) deaths per 100 person-years (PY). Mortality rate increased from 7.8 (95% CI 6.4-9.5) in 2012 to 17.7 (95% CI 14.9-21.1) in 2016 per 100PY (Ptrend<0.0001). 449/585 (77%) of the deaths occurred within the first three months after starting TB treatment. The median time to death (IQR) declined from 87 (40-100) days in 2012 to 46 (18-83) days in 2016 (Ptrend = 0·04). Mortality rate per 100PY was 7.3 (95% CI 6.5-7.8) and 23.1 (95% CI 20.8-25.7) among HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected patients respectively. Age, being a female, extrapulmonary TB, being undernourished, HIV infected and year of diagnosis were significantly associated with mortality.
Conclusions: We found most deaths occurred within three months and an increasing mortality rate during the time under review among patients on TB treatment. Our results therefore warrant further investigation to explore host, disease or health system factors that may explain this trend.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6622488 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0219191 | PLOS |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Novel therapeutic approaches targeting cancer stem cells: Unveiling new frontiers in breast cancer treatment.
Pathol Res Pract
December 2024
Department of Zoology (PG), Vellalar College for Women, Erode, India. Electronic address:
Breast cancer remains the leading cause of mortality among women with cancer. This article delves into the intricate relationship between breast cancer and cancer stem cells (CSCs), emphasizing advanced methods for their identification and isolation. The key isolation techniques, such as the mammosphere formation assay, surface marker identification, Side Population assay, and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase assay, are critically examined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation Between Language, Interpreter Use, and Pediatric Surgical Outcomes.
J Pediatr Surg
January 2025
Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Box 356410, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Background: Inequities exist in pediatric surgical outcomes. Differential outcomes have been identified across racial groups, geography, and socioeconomic standing. However, the association between preferred language, interpreter use, and surgical outcomes is not well-studied in pediatric surgical literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevention of liver cancer in the era of next-generation antivirals and obesity epidemic.
Hepatology
January 2025
Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Preventive interventions are expected to substantially improve the prognosis of patients with primary liver cancer, predominantly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma. HCC prevention is challenging in the face of the evolving etiological landscape, particularly the sharp increase in obesity-associated metabolic disorders, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Next-generation anti-HCV and HBV drugs have substantially reduced, but not eliminated, the risk of HCC and have given way to new challenges in identifying at-risk patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSusceptibility of temephos against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi mosquito larvae in Dehradun of Uttarakhand, India.
J Vector Borne Dis
October 2024
ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, New Delhi, India.
Background Objectives: Temephos is being used regularly to control immature of vector borne diseases in various states in India.
Methods: World Health Organization method was used to evaluate larval susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi against temephos in Dehradun of Uttarakhand.
Results: The results of the study revealed that the larval mortality in different localities ranged from 67.
Background: Nephrology has seen an uptake in transition to remote care delivery. The impact of telenephrology care on chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression is not well defined.
Methods: We analyzed data from patients naturally selected for telenephrology versus standard, in-person visits.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!