AI Article Synopsis

  • Sorghum production in warm, humid areas faces challenges from grain mold disease caused by over 40 types of fungi, necessitating the identification of resistant plants.
  • In an evaluation of 331 sorghum accessions, only 18 showed low seed deterioration and high emergence rates, with resistance linked to variations in seed tannin levels and panicle shape.
  • Genome-wide scans identified two loci related to low seed deterioration and emergence, revealing candidate genes associated with pathogen resistance and highlighting potential for breeding improved sorghum varieties.

Article Abstract

Sorghum [ (L.) Moench] production in warm and humid regions is limited by grain mold disease, which can be caused by a complex of >40 pathogenic and opportunistic fungi. The identification of resistant plants within temperate-adapted germplasm is imperative for the development of better-adapted varieties. The performance of 331 accessions from the previously genotyped sorghum association panel (SAP) was evaluated in four tropical environments. Only 18 accessions showed low seed deterioration and high emergence rates. The resistant accessions showed high variation in seed tannin contents and panicle shape, indicating that grain mold resistance is not associated with a single phenotypic trait. Seed mycoflora analysis recovered pathogenic fungi , , and in both resistant and susceptible accessions. By genome-wide association scans using 268,289 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we identified two loci associated with low seed deterioration and another associated with emergence rate. Candidate genes within these loci included one gene () and two genes ( and ) with domains associated with systemic acquired resistance, suggesting that resistance involved pathogen recognition and downstream signaling cascades. This study provides insight into the genetic control of grain mold resistance as well as valuable accessions for breeding programs in temperate environments.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.3835/plantgenome2018.09.0070DOI Listing

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