Objective: Close-loop control of brain and behavior will benefit from real-time detection of behavioral events to enable low-latency communication with peripheral devices. In animal experiments, this is typically achieved by using sparsely distributed (embedded) sensors that detect animal presence in select regions of interest. High-speed cameras provide high-density sampling across large arenas, capturing the richness of animal behavior, however, the image processing bottleneck prohibits real-time feedback in the context of rapidly evolving behaviors.
Approach: Here we developed an open-source software, named PolyTouch, to track animal behavior in large arenas and provide rapid close-loop feedback in ~5.7 ms, ie. average latency from the detection of an event to analog stimulus delivery, e.g. auditory tone, TTL pulse, when tracking a single body. This stand-alone software is written in JAVA. The included wrapper for MATLAB provides experimental flexibility for data acquisition, analysis and visualization.
Main Results: As a proof-of-principle application we deployed the PolyTouch for place awareness training. A user-defined portion of the arena was used as a virtual target; visit (or approach) to the target triggered auditory feedback. We show that mice develop awareness to virtual spaces, tend to stay shorter and move faster when they reside in the virtual target zone if their visits are coupled to relatively high stimulus intensity (⩾49 dB). Thus, close-loop presentation of perceived aversive feedback is sufficient to condition mice to avoid virtual targets within the span of a single session (~20 min).
Significance: Neuromodulation techniques now allow control of neural activity in a cell-type specific manner in spiking resolution. Using animal behavior to drive closed-loop control of neural activity would help to address the neural basis of behavioral state and environmental context-dependent information processing in the brain.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ab2ffa | DOI Listing |
Pol J Vet Sci
June 2024
Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Syed Abdul Qadir Jilani (Out Fall) Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
The present study was designed to evaluate the protective efficacy of troxerutin against cypermethrin-induced behavioral defects, motor function abnormalities, and oxidative stress in mice. Twenty-four adult female albino mice were randomly divided into four equal groups. The first group served as control, the second group was treated with cypermethrin (20 mg/kg b.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
December 2024
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.
Background: Improving joint intra-household decision-making by spouses is a promising solution to improve child-feeding practices. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the status and barriers of intra-household joint decision making on child feeding in rural districts of South Ethiopia from the perspectives of primary caregivers and key individuals.
Methods: A mixed-method study was conducted from July 15 to September 15, 2023 in three randomly selected rural districts: Arba Minch Zuria, Mierab Abaya, and Chencha, in Southern Ethiopia.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Neuropathic pain (NP) is an ineffectively treated, debilitating chronic pain disorder that is associated with maladaptive changes in the central nervous system, particularly in the spinal cord. Murine models of NP looking at the mechanisms underlying these changes suggest an important role of microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, in various stages of disease progression. However, given the number of different NP models and the resource limitations that come with tracking longitudinal changes in NP animals, many studies fail to truly recapitulate the patterns that exist between pain conditions and temporal microglial changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNetw Neurosci
December 2024
Mental Health Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, 92161, USA.
Among the myriad of complications associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), impairments in social behaviors and cognition have emerged as a significant area of concern. Animal models of social behavior are necessary to explore the underlying brain mechanisms contributing to chronic social impairments following brain injury. Here, we utilize large-scale brain recordings of local field potentials to identify neural signatures linked with social preference deficits following frontal brain injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNetw Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Hub regions in the brain, recognized for their roles in ensuring efficient information transfer, are vulnerable to pathological alterations in neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Computational simulations and animal experiments have hinted at the theory of activity-dependent degeneration as the cause of this hub vulnerability. However, two critical issues remain unresolved.
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