To examine the construct validity of the low-cost, portable laparoscopic simulator eoSim using motion analysis. Novice and experienced surgeons (≤ 100 and >100 laparoscopic procedures performed, respectively) completed four tasks on the eoSim using the SurgTrac software: intracorporeal suture and tie, tube ligation, peg capping and precision cutting. The following metrics were recorded: Time to complete task, distance traveled, handedness (left- versus right hand use), time off-screen, distance between instrument tips, speed, acceleration and motion smoothness. Compared to novices ( 22), experienced surgeons ( 14) completed tasks in less time ( ≤ .025), except when performing peg capping ( = .052). On all tasks, they also scored lower on the distance metric ( ≤ .001). Differences in handedness (left hand compared between groups, right hand compared between groups) were found to be significant for three tasks ( ≤ .025). In general, the experienced group made greater use of their left hand than the novice group. The eoSim can differentiate between experienced and novice surgeons on the tasks intracorporeal suture and tie, tube ligation and precision cutting, thus providing a convenient method for surgical departments to implement testing of their surgeons' basic laparoscopic skills.
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