Protective Effect of 3-Bromo-4,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde from Harvey against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress In Vitro and In Vivo.

We investigated the protective effects of 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB) from Harvey against hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced apoptosis in Vero cells. BDB exhibited scavenging activity for DPPH, hydroxyl, and alkyl radicals. BDB also inhibited H2O2-induced lipid peroxidation, cell death, and apoptosis in Vero cells by inhibiting the production of ROS. To evaluate the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis inhibition, the expression of Bax/Bcl-xL and NF-κB was assessed by western blot assay. BDB significantly suppressed the cleavage of caspase-9 and PARP and reduced Bax levels in HO-induced Vero cells. Besides, BDB suppressed the phosphorylation of NF-κB and the translocation of p65 in HO-induced cells. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of BDB on ROS production, cell death, and lipid peroxidation in an HO-stimulated zebrafish embryo model. Taken together, these results indicated that ROS generation and cell death were significantly inhibited by BDB in zebrafish embryos, thereby proving that BDB exerts excellent antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo.