STAT3 Activation Correlates with Adventitial Neutrophil Infiltration in Human Aortic Dissection.

: Aortic dissection (AD) is a fatal disease that is caused by the rapid destruction of the aortic wall. Although recent studies in animal models indicate an important relationship between inflammation and tissue destruction, activation status of inflammatory signaling and its relation to the inflammatory cell infiltration are poorly characterized in human AD. : We examined the activation of inflammatory signaling molecules NFκB and STAT3, and neutrophil infiltration in AD tissue samples that were obtained during the surgical repair within 24 h after AD onset. : Activation of NFκB was observed mainly in the intima both in AD samples and in aortic samples without AD. Activation of STAT3 was observed in AD samples, but not in the aortic sample without AD. Neutrophil infiltration was observed predominantly in the adventitial layer of AD samples. Histological analysis revealed that STAT3 was activated in cells other than neutrophils. Notably, STAT3 activation and neutrophil infiltration showed positive correlation in adventitial layer of AD tissue. : These findings demonstrated that adventitial STAT3 activation was associated with neutrophil infiltration, suggesting their importance in AD pathogenesis.