The human fetus receives oral nutrition through swallowed amniotic fluid and this makes a significant nutritional contribution to the fetus. Postnatally, macronutrient absorption and digestion appear to function well in the preterm infant. Although pancreatic function is relatively poor, the newborn infant has several mechanisms to overcome this. These include a range of digestive enzymes in human milk, novel digestive enzymes involved in fat and protein digestion that do not appear to be present in the older child or adult, and the presence of a -rich colonic microbiome that may "scavenge" unabsorbed macronutrients and make them available to the infant.
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Maternal occupational exposures during early stages of pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in the NINFEA birth-cohort.
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Department of Medical Sciences, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy.
Objectives: Maternal occupational exposures during early pregnancy can be detrimental to foetus health and have short- and long-term health effects on the child. This study examined their association with adverse birth outcomes.
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Programa Madre Canguro /Alto riesgo neonatal Subred Sur-UMHES-MEISSEN, Bogotá, Colombia.
Unlabelled: Omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects (OEIS) complex is a rare entity that presents abdominal wall defects, entails high morbidity and mortality, and requires multidisciplinary management.
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Clinical Case: A preterm female newborn of 33 weeks of gestational age, with prenatal diagnosis of giant omphalocele that, at birth, presented intact amnion coverture containing the entire liver and some bowel loops, open bladder exstrophy and exposed urethral orifices; uterus didelphys, no palpable gonads, and concurrent imaging findings of pelvic soft tissue extrusion, left diaphragmatic hernia (Bochdalek), multiple bone defects, myelomeningocele, and myelocystocele.
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Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
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Hospital Guillermo Grant Benavente, Concepción, Chile.
Unlabelled: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is the main mediator of fetal growth. An association has been described between low levels of IGF-1 and the development of some morbidities such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in newborns weighing less than 1500 grams or less than 32 weeks at birth.
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Elevated visfatin levels illuminate the inflammatory path in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
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Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye.
Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease in premature infants caused by an imbalance between lung injury and lung repair in the developing immature lungs of the newborn. Pulmonary inflammation is an important feature in the pathogenesis of BPD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the inflammatory microenvironment and the levels of visfatin and nesfatin-1, which are among the new adipocytokines, in BPD patients.
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