A number of new magnesium and lithium silyl reagents were prepared and shown to be outstanding nucleophiles in reactions with industrially relevant fluoroolefins. These reactions result in a net transformation of either sp or sp C-F bonds into C-Si bonds by two modes of nucleophilic attack (S V or S 2'). The methods are mild, proceeding with high chemo- and regioselectivity. Mechanistic pathways are described that lead to new substitution patterns from HFO-1234yf, HFO-1234ze, and HFO-1336mzz, previously inaccessible by transition metal catalyzed difluorosilylation routes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201906825 | DOI Listing |
Org Biomol Chem
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata - 700 009, West Bengal, India.
In this study, we have investigated the reactivity of thioamides with alcohols by utilizing HPO as a low-toxicity, cost-effective Brønsted acid catalyst. This report includes a methodology for the synthesis of thioesters from thioamides and 2-hydroxyaryl alcohols. Thioesters are emerging as a notable class of organic molecules due to their biological relevance, extensive use in drug discovery, and industrial applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neuroergon
December 2024
Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
Introduction: First responders play a pivotal role in ensuring the wellbeing of individuals during critical situations. The demanding nature of their work exposes them to prolonged shifts and unpredictable situations, leading to elevated fatigue levels. Modern countermeasures to fatigue do not provide the best results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdvances in deep learning have significantly aided protein engineering in addressing challenges in industrial production, healthcare, and environmental sustainability. This review frames frequently researched problems in protein understanding and engineering from the perspective of deep learning. It provides a thorough discussion of representation methods for protein sequences and structures, along with general encoding pipelines that support both pre-training and supervised learning tasks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing100700, China.
To explore the research status and hotspots in the field of endophthalmitis based on bibliometrics. A bibliometric study was conducted. In May 2024, the Web of Science Core Collection database was searched for relevant English-language literature on endophthalmitis published from 2014 to 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSociol Health Illn
January 2025
Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) was established a quarter of a century ago in 1999 to regulate the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceuticals (and other health technologies) for the NHS. Drawing on medical sociology theories of corporate bias, neoliberalism, pluralism/polycentricity and regulatory capture, the purpose of this article is to examine the applicability of those theories to NICE as a key regulatory agency in the UK health system. Based on approximately 7 years of documentary research, interviews with expert informants and observations of NICE-related meetings, this paper focuses particularly on NICE's relationship with the interests of the pharmaceutical industry compared with other stakeholder interests at the meso-organisational level.
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