AI Article Synopsis
- Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by various cell types and are found in different biological fluids, playing a crucial role in cell communication and interactions, especially in cancer.
- Recent studies suggest that exosomes can serve as biomarkers for cancer, aiding in diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring therapy responses due to their diverse contents like proteins and nucleic acids.
- They are also being explored for their potential in delivering therapeutic agents, including proteins and chemotherapeutics, making them a promising tool in cancer treatment strategies.
Article Abstract
Exosomes are described as nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by multiple cell types and extensively distributed in various biological fluids. They contain multifarious bioactive molecules and transfer them to adjoining or distal cells through systemic circulation, participating in intracellular and intercellular communication, and modulating host-tumor cell interactions. Recent research has indicated that exosomes obtained from different biological fluids and their contents (proteins, nucleic acids, glycoconjugates, and lipids) can serve as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response. Furthermore, the discovery of exosomes as therapeutic delivery vehicles has drawn much attention in antineoplastic drug delivery. They can be utilized for therapeutic delivery of proteins, genetic drugs, and chemotherapeutic drugs. Herein, this review summarizes the biogenesis, structure, and components of exosomes, focusing primarily on their two possible applications as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic delivery vehicles for cancers.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00409 | DOI Listing |
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