The C1q family is one of the subcomponents of the C1 complex that recognizes immune complexes and initiates the classical pathway of the complement system. In addition, as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR), the C1q family binds to a wide variety of ligands. As a member of the C1q family, the secretory C1q includes several subtypes. The main subtypes are cerebellin (Cbln) and C1q-like protein (C1ql). In the nervous system, secretory C1q is involved in the formation and regulation of various types of synapses, thus secretory C1q is closely related to diseases of the central nervous system. In this article, we review the role of secretory C1q in synapse formation and regulation, and its relationship with some diseases of the central nervous system.
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