We introduce a new motif for constructing robust digital logic circuits using input/output chemical reaction networks. These chemical circuits robustly handle adversarial manipulation to their input signals, initial concentrations, rate constants, and measurements. In particular, we show that all Boolean circuits and several sequential circuits enjoy this robustness. Our results complement existing literature in the following three ways: (1) our logic gates read their inputs catalytically which make fanout gates unnecessary; (2) formal requirements and rigorous proofs of satisfaction are provided for each circuit; and (3) robustness of every circuit is closed under modular composition.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2019.103983 | DOI Listing |
Heliyon
January 2025
African Centre of Excellence in Future Energies and Electrochemical Systems (ACE-FUELS), Federal University of Technology, Owerri, PMB 1526, Imo State, Nigeria.
The management of wastewater and agricultural wastes has been limited by the separate treatment processes, which exacerbate pollution and contribute to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions. Given the energy demands and financial burdens of traditional treatment facilities, there is a pressing need for technologies that can concurrently treat solid waste and generate energy. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of producing bioelectricity and biohydrogen through the microbial treatment of blackwater and agricultural waste using a dual-chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Global Zero Emission Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan.
Recently, ionic thermoelectric supercapacitors have gained attention because of their high open circuit voltages, even for ions that are redox inactive. As a source of open circuit voltage (electromotive force), an asymmetry in electric double layers developed by the adsorption of ions at the electrode surfaces kept at different temperatures has previously been proposed. As another source, the Eastman entropy of transfer, which is related to the Soret coefficient, has been considered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark.
Significant progress has been made through the optimization of modelling and device architecture solar cells has proven to be a valuable and highly effective approach for gaining a deeper understanding of the underlying physical processes in solar cells. Consequently, this research has conducted a two-dimensional (2D) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) simulation to develop an accurate model. The approach utilized in this study is based on the finite element method (FEM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Laboratory for Thin Film Energy Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, 19086, Estonia.
NiO, a wide band gap hole-transporting material (HTM), is gaining attention in photovoltaics due to its optical transparency, chemical stability, and favourable band alignment with absorber. This study uses NiO nanoparticle-based HTM in semi-transparent SbS solar cells via a simple chemical precipitation method. We optimised NiO layer by varying precursor solution concentration and studied its impact on optical and structural properties, composition of nanoparticles and subsequent effect on the performance of semi-transparent SbS solar cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33143 USA
Neuroendocrine cells react to physical, chemical, and synaptic signals originating from tissues and the nervous system, releasing hormones that regulate various body functions beyond the synapse. Neuroendocrine cells are often embedded in complex tissues making direct tests of their activation mechanisms and signaling effects difficult to study. In the nematode worm , four uterine-vulval (uv1) neuroendocrine cells sit above the vulval canal next to the egg-laying circuit, releasing tyramine and neuropeptides that feedback to inhibit egg laying.
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