A particle exposure experiment inside a large climate-controlled chamber was conducted. Data on spatial and temporal distribution of nanoscale and fine aerosols in the range of mobility diameters 8-600 nm were collected with high resolution, for sodium chloride, fluorescein sodium, and silica particles. Exposure scenarios studied included constant and intermittent source emissions, different aggregation conditions, high (10 h ) and low (3.5 h ) air exchange rates (AERs) corresponding to chamber Reynolds number, respectively, equal to 1 × 10 and 3 × 10 . Results are presented and analyzed to highlight the main determinants of exposure and to determine whether the assumptions underlying two-box models hold under various scenarios. The main determinants of exposure found were the source generation rate and the ventilation rate. The effect of particles nature was indiscernible, and the decrease of airborne total number concentrations attributable to surface deposition was estimated lower than 2% when the source was active. A near-field/far-field structure of aerosol concentration was always observed for the AER = 10 h but for AER = 3.5 h , a single-field structure was found. The particle size distribution was always homogeneous in space but a general shift of particle diameter (-8% to +16%) was observed between scenarios in correlation with the AER and with the source position, presumably largely attributable to aggregation.
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Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of ECE, Kallam Haranadhareddy Institute of Technology, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Cognitive load stimulates neural activity, essential for understanding the brain's response to stress-inducing stimuli or mental strain. This study examines the feasibility of evaluating cognitive load by extracting, selection, and classifying features from electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. We employed robust local mean decomposition (R-LMD) to decompose EEG data from each channel, recorded over a four-second period, into five modes.
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January 2025
Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Türkiye, Turkey.
Rapid urban growth is a subject of worldwide interest due to environmental problems. Population growth, especially migration from rural to urban areas, leads to land use and land cover (LULCC) changes in urban centres. Therefore, LULCC and urban growth analyses are among the studies that will help decision-makers achieve better sustainable management and planning.
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January 2025
Westchase Software, Houston, TX, 77063, USA.
It is well known that the sedimentary rock record is both incomplete and biased by spatially highly variable rates of sedimentation. Without absolute age constraints of sufficient resolution, the temporal correlation of spatially disjunct records is therefore problematic and uncertain, but these effects have rarely been analysed quantitatively using signal processing methods. Here we use a computational process model to illustrate and analyse how spatial and temporal geochemical records can be biased by the inherent, heterogenous processes of marine sedimentation and preservation.
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January 2025
Institute of Biophysics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Královopolská 135, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
Galectin-1 (Gal-1) displays unique sensitivity to oxidative inactivation which appears critical in regulating its spatial and temporal activity. The two physicochemical states, i.e.
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December 2024
Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Biology Department, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey,; Arts and Sciences Faculty, Biology Department, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey. Electronic address:
Pollen grains, in addition to their allergenic properties, play an important role in the temporal and spatial analysis of forensic events and are considered secondary trace evidence. Pollen analysis requires expertise in microscopy techniques and palynology. This study aims to determine the persistence of pollen on common used fabric types and how much of it can be removed through washing.
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