Helical cell shape appears throughout the bacterial phylogenetic tree. Recent exciting work characterizing cell shape mutants in a number of curved and helical is beginning to suggest possible mechanisms and provide tools to assess functional significance. We focus here on , , , and , organisms from three classes of that live in diverse environments, from freshwater and saltwater to distinct compartments within the gastrointestinal tract of humans and birds. Comparisons among these bacteria reveal common themes as well as unique solutions to the task of maintaining cell curvature. While motility appears to be influenced in all these bacteria when cell shape is perturbed, consequences on niche colonization are diverse, suggesting the need to consider additional selective pressures.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-micro-020518-115919 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Structural, morphological and biological assessment of magnetic hydroxyapatite with superior hyperthermia potential for orthopedic applications.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an important constituent of natural bone. The properties of HA can be enhanced with the help of various ionic substitutions in the crystal lattice of HA. Iron (Fe) is a vital element present in bones and teeth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of thread design on soft and hard tissue healing around implants in lipopolysaccharide-induced peri-implantitis-like lesions in rat maxillae.
J Oral Biosci
January 2025
Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan. Electronic address:
Objectives: This study investigated the effects of thread design on the soft and hard tissues around implants in rat maxillary peri-implantitis-like lesions.
Methods: Fourteen, 9-week-old, female Wistar rats were used in this study. Two types of grade IV titanium tissue-level implants with a standard V-shape and buttress threads were prepared (control and test implants, respectively).
Lifelong partners: Gut microbiota-immune cell interactions from infancy to old age.
Mucosal Immunol
January 2025
Gale and Ira Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, NY 10065, United States. Electronic address:
Our immune system and gut microbiota are intricately coupled from birth, both going through maturation during early life and senescence during aging almost in a synchronized fashion. The symbiotic relationship between the human host and microbiota is critically dependent on a healthy immune system to keep our microbiota in check; while the microbiota provides essential functions to promote the development and fitness of our immune system. The partnership between our immune system and microbiota is particularly important during early life, in which microbial ligands and metabolites shape the development of the immune cells and immune tolerance; during aging, having sufficient beneficial gut bacteria is critical for the maintenance of intact mucosal barriers, immune metabolic fitness, and strong immunity against pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-time prediction of heparin concentration in blood extracorporeal circulation by relaxation time distribution (RTD).
Bioelectrochemistry
January 2025
Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522 Japan.
Heparin concentration c in a blood extracorporeal circulation has been real-timely predicted based on the relaxation strength Δε at relaxation frequency f extracted by relaxation time distribution (RTD). The simulated extracorporeal circulation was conducted to optimize the number of Δε for the prediction of c using the porcine whole blood (WB) and low-leukocyte and -platelet blood (LLPB) under the condition of the gradual increment of c from 0 to 8 U/mL with constant flow rate and blood temperature. The experimental results show that among the three relaxation strengths Δε, Δε and Δε (in ascending order of frequency), Δε at f = 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Key Mechanisms Driving Glymphopathy and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.
Life (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates.
The human microbiota constitute a very complex ecosystem of microorganisms inhabiting both the inside and outside of our bodies, in which health maintenance and disease modification are the main regulatory features. The recent explosion of microbiome research has begun to detail its important role in neurological health, particularly concerning cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), a disorder associated with cognitive decline and vascular dementia. This narrative review represents state-of-the-art knowledge of the intimate, complex interplay between microbiota and brain health through the gut-brain axis (GBA) and the emerging role of glymphatic system dysfunction (glymphopathy) and circulating cell-derived microparticles (MPs) as mediators of these interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!