Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate medical and pharmaceutical costs and health outcomes among commercially insured members treated for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections from a large, academic institution.
Methods: Data are derived from the University of Texas System (UT SELECT) medical and pharmacy claims database. This study is a retrospective claims analysis of secondary, deidentified data from 2006 to 2016.
Results: The number of HCV-infected and treated patients decreased from 22.5 per 10,000 members in 2006 to 0.15 per 10,000 members in 2016 (P < 0.0001). Medical and pharmacy paid per member per month (PMPM) costs were highest among HCV-infected members with advanced liver disease (total paid PMPM = $2737, medical PMPM = $1537, pharmacy PMPM = $1200).
Conclusions: The declining prevalence of acute HCV infections and the introduction of efficacious HCV treatment options for chronic HCV in this commercial population have resulted in significant reductions in HCV-related medical claims and the clinical sequelae of advanced liver diseases. Although HCV treatment to achieve sustained viral response remains expensive, the prevention of advanced liver disease decreased system-wide medical costs for this insured population.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001633 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
School of Physics, Engineering and Technology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Using first principles calculations, we show that [Formula: see text] materials have strong electron-phonon coupling, with many having a superconducting critical temperature ([Formula: see text]) that exceeds that of the more familiar [Formula: see text] at ambient pressure. In particular, we find that [Formula: see text] is the most stable member of the family, with [Formula: see text] whilst the peak [Formula: see text] is with [Formula: see text] which has [Formula: see text]. Our results reveal that these materials are both thermodynamically and dynamically stable, with strong electron-phonon coupling, indicating significant potential for practical superconducting applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSports (Basel)
November 2024
Confédération Européenne de Volleyball, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 1940 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
Volleyball referees, as athletes and staff members, are exposed to different stress levels which can be determined by measuring pre- and post-match levels of salivary cortisol (C) and alpha-amylase (AA). This study aimed to determine the dynamics of stress biomarkers in referees during official volleyball matches and the connection to the roles or level of competition. The participants in this study were nine international volleyball referees (three females and six males) with a mean chronological age of 48.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Ther
December 2024
Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 72, Athens, Greece.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has had a profound global impact. The emergence of several variants during the pandemic has presented numerous challenges in preventing and managing this disease. The development of vaccines has played a pivotal role in controlling the pandemic, with a significant portion of the global population being vaccinated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Philippine archipelago houses an incredibly diverse biota, among which are 122 species of pygmy grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae). Many of them belong to genera without proper taxonomic assignment and some genera, e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasit Vectors
November 2024
Department for Bacteriology and Parasitology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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