AI Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to improve diagnostic and prognostic methods for treating neuro-malaria in children in Yaoundé, focusing on the prevalence and characteristics of retinal lesions.
- During the study from October 2015 to March 2016, out of 178 hospitalized children, 44 were diagnosed with neuro-malaria, with retinal lesions found in 26 of these patients, predominantly affecting children under five years old.
- The research highlighted that retinal lesions, particularly hemorrhages, are common and serious in neuro-malaria cases, emphasizing the need for systematic eye examinations to enhance prognostic evaluations and facilitate effective multidisciplinary management.
Article Abstract
Aim: Contribute to the improvement of diagnostic and prognostic approaches to treating children with neuro-malaria in Yaoundé.
Patients And Method: A prospective and analytical study carried out in 2 hospitals of Yaoundé from October 2015 to March 2016. All patients aged 3 months to 15 years hospitalized for neuro-malaria in one of the 2 hospitals benefited from a fundus examination. The variables studied were: age, sex, Glasgow or Blantyre score, fundus examination and parasitaemia. For statistical analysis, we used the software R 3.3.0, Chi, exact of Fisher or Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests with a significance P<5%.
Results: Out of the 178 children hospitalized during the study period, 44 had neuro-malaria (24.71%) and 26 (46 diseased eyes) among them presented retinal lesions at a frequency of 14.60%. The mean age was 5.54±3.49 years with a sex ratio of 1.09. The under 5-years-old were the most affected with 31 (70.45%) cases. The fundus lesions of 26 (59.09%) were retinal hemorrhages in 24 (54.54%), retinal whitening and vessel discoloration in 8 (18.18%) respectively. Papillary edema was associated in 4 (9.09%). Macular involvement was noted in 9 cases. These lesions were correlated with age, depth of coma, duration, and clinical course. The rate of parasitaemia did not affect their occurrence.
Conclusion: Retinal lesions are frequent and serious during neuro-malaria in our environment, especially in children under five. They must therefore be an emphasis in the systematic exam to rule it out for a better prognostic evaluation and a fast and adequate multidisciplinary management.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2019.03.013 | DOI Listing |
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