Many species live in spatially separated patches, and individuals can migrate between patches through paths. In real ecosystems, the capacities of patches are finite. If a patch is already occupied by the individuals of some species, then the migration into the patch is impossible. In the present paper, we deal with prey-predator system composed of two patches. Each patch contains a limited number of cells, where the cell is either empty or occupied by an individual of prey or predator. We introduce "swapping migration" defined by the exchange between occupied and empty cells. An individual can migrate, only when there are empty cells in the destination patch. Reaction-migration equations in prey-predator system are presented, where the migration term forms nonlinear function of densities. We numerically solve equilibrium densities, and find that the population dynamics are largely affected by nonlinear migration. Not only extinction points but also the responses to the environmental changes crucially depend on the patch capacities.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2019.05.021 | DOI Listing |
An Acad Bras Cienc
December 2024
Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Matemática e Estatística, Campus Uvaranas, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Uvaranas, 84030-900 Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
This study and the literature have shown that the emergence of chaotic behavior has been attributed mostly to predator-prey and competitive dynamics. This is also observed in pandemics, as well as in cancer models, where deterministic chaos or chaotic dynamics can lead to complex oscillations and nonlinear interactions between cell populations. It is important to note that COVID-19 displays the key characteristics of a chaotic system and is one of the deadliest pandemics in recent history.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Environ Microbiol
December 2024
Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Phys Rev E
September 2024
Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
The extension of the phase-space Weyl-Wigner quantum mechanics to the subset of Hamiltonians in the form of H(q,p)=K(p)+V(q) [with K(p) replacing single p^{2} contributions] is revisited. Deviations from classical and stationary profiles are identified in terms of Wigner functions and Wigner currents for Gaussian and gamma/Laplacian distribution ensembles. The procedure is successful in accounting for the exact pattern of quantum fluctuations when compared with the classical phase-space pattern.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChaos
October 2024
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
In this study, we propose a modified reaction-diffusion prey-predator model with a Holling-II function for binary data classification. In the model, we use u and v to represent the densities of prey and predators, respectively. We modify the original equation by substituting the term v with f-v to obtain a stable and clear nonlinear decision surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChaos
September 2024
Department of Mathematics, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600127, India.
Fear prompts prey to adopt risk-averse behaviors, such as reduced foraging activity, increased vigilance, and avoidance of areas with high predator presence, which affects its reproduction. In a real scenario, a population requires a minimum density to avoid extinction, known as an Allee threshold. In light of these biological factors, we propose a predator-prey model with (i) a fear effect in a prey population, (ii) an Allee effect in a predator population, and (iii) a non-constant attack rate that modifies the functional response.
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