All theories of stone formation are based on the common condition, which is the supersaturation of stone-forming elements. The microelements involved in the stone formation, the most common metabolic disorders and their role in stone formation are discussed.
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Nat Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Therapeutic efficacy and safety of adeno-associated virus (AAV) liver gene therapy depend on capsid choice. To predict AAV capsid performance under near-clinical conditions, we established side-by-side comparison at single-cell resolution in human livers maintained by normothermic machine perfusion. AAV-LK03 transduced hepatocytes much more efficiently and specifically than AAV5, AAV8 and AAV6, which are most commonly used clinically, and AAV-NP59, which is better at transducing human hepatocytes engrafted in immune-deficient mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China.
Background: (), is a prevalent parasitic worm that infects humans. It is found all over the world, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas. Strongyloidiasis is caused mostly by the parasitic nematode .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Mixed Hospital of Laghouat, Laghouat Faculty of Medicine, Amar Telidji University, Laghouat 03000, Algeria.
Liver cancer remains a significant global health challenge, characterized by high incidence and mortality rates. Despite advancements in medical treatments, the prognosis for liver cancer patients remains poor, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), particularly (CB), has shown promise in addressing this need due to its multi-target therapeutic mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Nephrol
January 2025
Novo Nordisk A/S, Lexington, MA, USA.
Background: Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive disorder with dysregulated glyoxylate metabolism in the liver. Oxalate over-production leads to renal stones, progressive kidney damage and renal failure, with potentially life-threatening systemic oxalosis. Nedosiran is a synthetic RNA interference therapy, designed to reduce hepatic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) to decrease oxalate burden in PH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Bursa Sehir Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey.
Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is marked by mineral imbalances, often leading to nephrolithiasis and osteoporosis. While imaging remains the cornerstone for stone detection, there is growing interest in biochemical markers that could enhance diagnostic accuracy. This study investigates the calcium-to-magnesium (Ca/Mg) ratio as a novel biomarker for nephrolithiasis, comparing its utility to traditional 24-h urinary calcium excretion and exploring its broader clinical implications.
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