Structural fumigations using sulfuryl fluoride for the extermination of dry-wood termites are conducted by the thousands in California and other warm-weather states. Sulfuryl fluoride is an odorless gas that targets the nervous system and can cause respiratory irritation, pulmonary edema, nausea, vomiting, seizures, and death. Structural voids or compartments such as wall sockets, crawl spaces, cabinets, or cells in air mattresses may create ongoing exposure after a structure has been certified as safe. The authors describe a case of potential sulfuryl fluoride exposure to a family following home fumigation. Despite regulation, sulfuryl fluoride poisonings from structural fumigations continue to occur. This article examines the physical characteristics of sulfuryl fluoride and the regulatory oversight of its application, in an effort to understand how and why these poisonings happen. Increasing aeration times of fumigated structures, overseeing monitoring efficacy, and using technology to capture clearance data could reduce sulfuryl fluoride exposure and illness.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6603922 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16112026 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to deliver a risk assessment on the likelihood of pest freedom from regulated EU quarantine pests, with emphasis on and its vectors spp. of debarked conifer wood chips fumigated with sulfuryl fluoride as proposed by the United States (US) and as outlined in ISPM 28 - PT23 of sulfuryl fluoride (SF) fumigation treatment for nematodes and insects in debarked wood. The assessment considered the different phases in the wood chips' production, with special emphasis on the SF treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarnessing Oxetane and Azetidine Sulfonyl Fluorides for Opportunities in Drug Discovery.
J Am Chem Soc
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
Four-membered heterocycles such as oxetanes and azetidines represent attractive and emergent design options in medicinal chemistry due to their small and polar nature and potential to significantly impact the physiochemical properties of drug molecules. The challenging preparation of these derivatives, especially in a divergent manner, has severely limited their combination with other medicinally and biologically important groups. Consequently, there is a substantial demand for mild and effective synthetic strategies to access new oxetane and azetidine derivatives and molecular scaffolds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthesis of Polyfluoroalkyl Aryl Ethers Mediated by Sulfuryl Fluoride as a Traceless Activator.
Org Lett
November 2024
Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg 67087, France.
Herein, we report the metal-free synthesis of polyfluoroalkyl aryl ethers via nucleophilic substitution of fluorosulfonates, obtained in one pot by bubbling of sulfuryl fluoride (SOF). Polyfluoroalkyl aryl ethers are present in a variety of biologically active compounds, but previous methods for accessing them required metal catalysts or harsh conditions. With this method, their synthesis is possible under mild conditions and with a short reaction time (30 min) from commercially available starting materials and in yields of ≤97%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHydrogen Peroxide-Assisted Alkaline Defluorination of the Fumigant and Potent Greenhouse Gas, Sulfuryl Fluoride: Hydrogen Peroxide as a Nucleophilic Reagent.
Environ Sci Technol
October 2024
The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States.
Sulfuryl fluoride (SOF, SF) is an effective and increasingly popular fumigant for treating buildings and commodities in international trade but has come under scrutiny as a potent greenhouse gas. Passage of vent gases through an alkaline spray has been proposed for scrubbing SF, but base hydrolysis is insufficiently fast and generates equal yields of fluoride and fluorosulfate, the latter of unknown environmental hazard. We report here that alkaline hydrogen peroxide (HO) markedly accelerates SF removal and gives nearly quantitative yield of fluoride, with fluorosulfate produced in less than 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Applications of Sulfonyl Fluorides: A Microcosm of the Deep Integration of Chemistry and Biology in Drug Design.
J Med Chem
October 2024
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!