It has been proposed that atypical empathy in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is due to co-occurring alexithymia. However, difficulties measuring empathy and statistical issues in previous research raise questions about the role of alexithymia in empathic processing in ASD. Addressing these issues, we compared the associations of trait alexithymia and autism with empathy in large samples from the general population. Multiple regression analyses showed that both trait autism and alexithymia were uniquely associated with atypical empathy, but dominance analysis found that trait autism, compared to alexithymia, was a more important predictor of atypical cognitive, affective, and overall empathy. Together, these findings indicate that atypical empathy in ASD is not simply due to co-occurring alexithymia.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04080-3 | DOI Listing |
BMC Genomics
December 2024
IFM Biology, Avian Behaviour Physiology and Genomics Group, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Feather pecking (FP) is a repetitive behaviour in chickens, influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors, similar to behaviours seen in human developmental disorders (e.g., hyperactivity, autism).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging
December 2024
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Brain Imaging Center, Goethe-University, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
Background: Autism is accompanied by highly individualized patterns of neurodevelopmental differences in brain anatomy. This variability makes the neuroanatomy of autism inherently difficult to describe at the group level. Here, we examined inter-individual neuroanatomical differences using a dimensional approach that decomposed the domains of social communication and interaction (SCI), restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRB), and atypical sensory processing (ASP) within a neurodiverse study population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
Neonatology, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China.
Purpose: This study aims to provide healthcare providers with insights into relevant interventions by examining the timing, format, content, outcome measures, and effects of clown care interventions on hospitalized children.
Methods: This study utilized a scoping review methodology based on the framework by Arksey and O'Malley. The search for Chinese and English literature on the utilization of clown care for hospitalized children was conducted in databases including CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, China Biology Medicine Database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library.
Autism Res
December 2024
Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Down syndrome (DS) is the most frequent genetic cause of intellectual disability (ID). Individuals with DS exhibit an elevated risk of other neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The primary objective of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of co-occurring ASD in children and adolescents with DS using a case-control approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Med
December 2024
Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Background: MECP2 Duplication Syndrome, also known as X-linked intellectual developmental disorder Lubs type (MRXSL; MIM: 300260), is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by copy number gains spanning MECP2. Despite varying genomic rearrangement structures, including duplications and triplications, and a wide range of duplication sizes, no clear correlation exists between DNA rearrangement and clinical features. We had previously demonstrated that up to 38% of MRXSL families are characterized by complex genomic rearrangements (CGRs) of intermediate complexity (2 ≤ copy number variant breakpoints < 5), yet the impact of these genomic structures on regulation of gene expression and phenotypic manifestations have not been investigated.
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