New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) has been associated with poor outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs). The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the development of NOAF and severity of coronary artery disease using the SYNTAX score (SS) and SYNTAX score II (SSII) in patients with non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS) who were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 662 patients with NSTE-ACS were consecutively enrolled. The incidence of NOAF was 11.4% among the patients with NSTE-ACS. Mean age was significantly higher in NOAF group ( = .011). White blood cell count, peak troponin I, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, uric acid, left atrial volume index, and ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and mitral annular early diastolic velocity were significantly higher in NOAF group (respectively, = .024, = .017, = .002, = .009, = .025, < .001, and < .001). The hemoglobin, ejection fraction, and post PCI thrombolysis in myocardial infarction grade <3 were significantly lower in NOAF group ( = 001, = .010, = .038). The SS and SSII were significantly higher in NOAF group (all < .001). According to the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, the SSII was correlated with NOAF ( < .001) in the study groups. We demonstrated that high SSII is significantly associated with NOAF.
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