AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how disease activity in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) affects lipid levels, which are linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
- Researchers analyzed changes in lipid levels from serum samples of patients enrolled in the RAVE trial, finding notable increases in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein B after 6 months.
- The results indicate that lipid changes were significant in newly diagnosed and PR3-ANCA positive patients, highlighting the importance of considering disease activity and ANCA type for better CVD risk assessment in AAV patients.
Article Abstract
Objective: Patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) have an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was undertaken to develop a clearer understanding of the association between changes in disease activity and lipid levels in AAV, which may inform CVD risk stratification in this population.
Methods: Lipid levels were assessed in stored serum samples (obtained at baseline and month 6) from the Rituximab for ANCA-Associated Vasculitis (RAVE) trial, which randomized patients to receive either rituximab or cyclophosphamide followed by azathioprine. Paired t-tests and multivariable linear regression were used to assess changes in lipid levels.
Results: Of the 142 patients with serum samples available, the mean ± SD age was 52.3 ± 14.7 years, 72 (51%) were male, 95 (67%) were proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA positive, 72 (51%) had received a new diagnosis of AAV, and 75 (53%) were treated with rituximab. Several lipid levels increased between baseline and month 6, including total cholesterol (+12.4 mg/dl [95% confidence interval (95% CI) +7.1, +21.0]), low-density lipoprotein (+10.3 mg/dl [95% CI +6.1, +17.1]), and apolipoprotein B (+3.5 mg/dl [95% CI +1.0, +8.3]). These changes were observed among newly diagnosed and PR3-ANCA-positive patients but not among those with relapsing disease or myeloperoxidase-ANCA-positive patients. There was no difference in change in lipid levels between rituximab-treated patients and cyclophosphamide-treated patients. Changes in lipid levels correlated with changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate but not with other inflammatory markers or glucocorticoid exposure.
Conclusion: Lipid levels increased during remission induction among patients with newly diagnosed AAV and those who were PR3-ANCA positive. Disease activity and ANCA type should be considered when assessing lipid profiles to stratify CVD risk in patients with AAV.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6944270 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.41006 | DOI Listing |
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