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Habitat preference modulates trans-oceanic dispersal in a terrestrial vertebrate. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Long-distance dispersal (LDD) has been a topic of discussion for over a century, particularly regarding its role in how species are distributed across different geographical areas.
  • In a study of lizards from the Cryptoblepharus genus, researchers found that those living in coastal habitats disperse significantly more often than those in non-coastal areas.
  • The findings suggest that coastal specialization has allowed these lizards to spread across continents and islands long before humans arrived, indicating that their distributions are not merely a result of human activity.

Article Abstract

The importance of long-distance dispersal (LDD) in shaping geographical distributions has been debated since the nineteenth century. In terrestrial vertebrates, LDD events across large water bodies are considered highly improbable, but organismal traits affecting dispersal capacity are generally not taken into account. Here, we focus on a recent lizard radiation and combine a summary-coalescent species tree based on 1225 exons with a probabilistic model that links dispersal capacity to an evolving trait, to investigate whether ecological specialization has influenced the probability of trans-oceanic dispersal. Cryptoblepharus species that occur in coastal habitats have on average dispersed 13 to 14 times more frequently than non-coastal species and coastal specialization has, therefore, led to an extraordinarily widespread distribution that includes multiple continents and distant island archipelagoes. Furthermore, their presence across the Pacific substantially predates the age of human colonization and we can explicitly reject the possibility that these patterns are solely shaped by human-mediated dispersal. Overall, by combining new analytical methods with a comprehensive phylogenomic dataset, we use a quantitative framework to show how coastal specialization can influence dispersal capacity and eventually shape geographical distributions at a macroevolutionary scale.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6571479PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2575DOI Listing

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